What is BMC treatment?
Biological treatment options utilising stem cells have received growing interest in recent years. Bone marrow derived stem cells can be aspirated rom various bones in the body. In a laboratory setting they can differentiate into different cell lines such as bone, fat, cartilage and muscle and secrete many cytokines and growth factors. Isolating, concentrating and injecting these stem cells and associated cytokines/growth factors is a biological way of supporting the regenerative efforts of the body in patients with osteoarthritis
For which conditions can BMC stem cell treatment be used for?
BMC stem cell treatment is best used in patients with arthritis and cartilage defects. Patients who have tried and failed conservative treatment and who want to avoid invasive surgery can benefit from treatment with BMC. Bone marrow concentrate has also been used successfully in the treatment of non-unions of fractures. A further indication is the augmentation of rotator cuff repairs.
What’s going to happen when I come in?
The procedure is carried out in theatre under general anaesthetic. The bone marrow cells are aspirated from the iliac crest (pelvic bone) through a tiny stab incision, using a special suction needle. Only a very small volume of bone marrow (about 60 ml) is required. The fluid sample is then prepared in a special closed-circuit system to concentrate and isolate the best cells, cytokines and growth factors. The final fluid preparation is then injected into the affected joint under x-ray or ultrasound guidance. The whole procedure takes approximately 60 minutes and you should be able to go home later the same day.
Is it going to be painful?
Aspirating bone marrow is painful, but the pain will subside soon after. You can also expect mild bruising from the pelvis where the bone marrow is harvested from. The injected joint may ache a bit for a few days, but icepacks and simple painkillers will help.
Are there any side effects?
Since the injection only contains fluid and cells from your own body, there should be no major side effects. You may experience mild pain/irritation for a few days and there may be some bruising.
Any other complications?
Surgical site infection is a very rare complication following the treatment. If you notice increasing redness, swelling and pain 3-10 days following the procedure you should seek advice from the surgeon, your GP or a Doctor in A&E. You can also expect some bruising from the area where the bone marrow is harvested. Most infections can be treated with a course of Antibiotics, rarely is further surgery required to deal with an infection. Since only your own body’s bone marrow is used, there is no risk of transmission of blood-borne diseases from unknown donors.
What is the likely outcome?
BMC stem cell treatment is a relatively new technique. The scientific literature and research so far demonstrate that the procedure is safe and effective with very good outcomes. However, as with many other treatments, there is no success guarantee. You may not notice an improvement in your symptoms straight away, which may take about 2 months. During that time, you should experience a slow improvement in pain levels. According to the research literature further improvements can be expected for 12-24 months from a single injection. The treatment can be safely repeated if required.
Will treatment with bone marrow concentrated stem cells cure the arthritis in my joint?
There is sadly no cure for arthritis, however treatment with stem cells can improve pain and function in joints affected with arthritis. Some research trials have shown an improvement in cartilage quality; however, this cannot cure the arthritis itself.
Are there any restrictions following BMC stem cell treatment?
You can mobilise as pain allows straight away. You can ice the joint for a few minutes several times a day if necessary. Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous work as well as sporting activities for 4-6 weeks to support the healing process.
Will I need Physio?
You will require Physiotherapy to support the rehab process, this will be an integral part of your treatment. Our experienced Physiotherapists will discuss your rehab needs with you and will liaise with your own Physio if required.
Please see also our stem cell FAQ’s for further information here.
